BY: Cristina Alomia and Janire Burgos
NADIA ELENA COMANECI
Nadia Comaneci is a romanian gymnast, winner of three Olympic gold
medals in 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. She was the first female
gymnast able to make a record with a perfect score of 10 in an Olympic
gymnastic event. She is one of the best known athletes in the world. She
also won two gold medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.
Comaneci was named as one of the athletes of the century.
She started practising gymnastics at the age of six. At that age,
she was chosen to attend Bela Karoly's experimental gymnastics
school. She liked the gymnastics and she knew what she wanted to be
since she was really young. She enjoyed the gymnastics and compiting and
she little by little got interesed on that.
In 1969 Comaneci came 13th in the Romanian National Championships. A
year later she competed in her hometown team and became the youngest
gymnastic woman ever to win the Romanian Nationals. She improved and
improved and finally she won all those gold medals in the 1976 and 1980
Summer Olympics.
BY: Iranzu Barandika and Ana Maria Cenan
COLOMBIAN
WOMEN
VOTE
Latin
American societies have been characterized throughout history, being
eminently patriarchal, which has caused political and social spaces
have been reserved exclusively for men.
Colombia
has been no exception, as the late nineteenth and early twentieth
century women in our society still relegated to household services
and care of the children.
However,
the struggle of women to gain political and legal equality to the men
began to succeed when in the year 1932, by Law 28, they recognized
the equality in the field of civil rights.
Over
the next thirteen years, the struggle of women to achieve the right
to vote and access to public office was not very successful, for
although remained civil rights, attempts to achieve these rights are
not materializing.
In
1945 the situation was starting to change.El The Republic take care
in the Constitutional role to reform the Constitution. In the
reforms, the woman managed a win by being granted the rights of
citizenship, thus getting the same level of men over twenty years.
Despite
granting citizenship status to women, the reform did not authorize
the suffrage to women, which created a great atmosphere of rejection
among women in Colombian society.
Later,
in 1947, the project to allow the vote to women was presented again
in the House and Senate, and again heard arguments for and against.
In this case there were many people who were opposed to approving the
project, however, it was closed because there were other projects
that were considered more important for the time that he lived.
The
discussion about women's suffrage was becoming increasingly difficult
to extend, because by that time women could ocuparcargos government,
embassies and other high-level positions, but could not participate
incredibly popular election.
In
1946, the UN (United Nations) called attention to all American
countries whose constitutions were not yet established the right to
vote for women, requiring them to act in a reasonable and consistent
with the times, because the agency considered that deny women the
right to vote was to perpetuate a state of social inequality between
men and women.
After
many meetings to decide the future of women in the electoral process,
was determined to give him the opportunity to vote for the female
gender would give broader legitimacy to democracy, that because women
were being more than 50% of country's electoral roll.
That
was how, finally, women gain the right to vote from the year 1958, in
the presidential election that followed the establishment of military
laJunta.
The
Virtual Library can get more information about this topic:
Colombia:
the phenomenon of micro electoral test Eduardo Pizarro on electoral
and political practices in Colombia.
Women's
rights. Suffrage and political demands of Magdala Text Velasquez Toro
on the history of women's suffrage in Colombia.
What
is the voting program? Definition and article that governs it.
Legislative
Act No. 3 of 1954, amending the Constitution, by which grants women
the right to vote and stand for the National Constituent Assembly
granted women the right to vote and be elected.
Josefina
Valencia Muñoz
Josefina
Valencia Muñóz(22
September 1913 - 4 October 1991) was a Colombian activist and
politician, a leader of the womens suffrage's movement in Colombia
and the first woman to ever head a Colombian Ministry as well as the
first female Governor of a Departament of Columbia. As a Member of
the Colombian Constituent Assembly of 1954, she approved
theLegislative Act No.3, which granted women the right to vote.
Valencia
de Hubach was already familiar with the politics of Colombia in the
1950s; her father, Guillermo Valencia had been an active member of
the Colombian Conservatoy party, a Congressman minister of finance,
Governor, and presidential candidate in the elections of 1918 and
1930, and her brother Guillermo León had been Councilman,
Congressman,minister , and Ambassador. Because of her family
connections and education, Valencia de Hubach was an intelligent and
influential woman who involved herself in the daily politics of her
time, a time when women however, were kept out of politics and could
not yet vote.
A
GREAT SAHARAUI WOMAN
We
are going to do our project about the sahara and how the position of
women improved. There is not so much information about womens but we
could find all.
Women
in the Sahara wasn´t highly valued but we they separate sahara from
Spain people started listening to women and thinking on the rights of
women.
In
1945 women won the right to vote because most of the people wanted to
do that. Before that, like women could vote they had easier to win
their place in the population of the country.
After
that year so slowly women started winning their right to have a own
bank account, to stand for election... They sometimes join the army
but We don't know who was the first women in the parlament but one of
the key womans in the sahara is Fátima Mernissi.
AMINATU
ALI AHMED HAIDAR
Aminatou
Ali Ahmed Haidar born 24 July 1966, Akka,
Morocco),sometimes
known as Aminetou, Aminatu or Aminetu, is a
Sahrawi
human rights activist and an advocate of the independence of Western
Sahara.
She is sometimes called the "Sahrawi Gandhi" for her
nonviolent protests.She is the president of the Collective
of Sahrawi Human Rights Defenders (CODESA). She was
imprisoned from 1987 to 1991 and from 2005 to 2006 on charges related
to her independence advocacy. In 2009, she attracted international
attention when she staged a hunger
strike in Lanzarote
Airport after
being denied re-entry to Morocco. Haidar has won several
international human rights awards for her work, including the 2008
Robert
F. Kennedy Human Rights Award and the 2009 Civil
Courage Prize.
For
her work to win the recognition of the rights of the saharauis, she
won different international awards, like:
- The fundation Robert Kennedy gave her a prize for the labor she did for the rights of the humans in sahara. The senate of the USA gave her the prize.(1998)
- Solidar Silver Rose Award (2007).
- Prize
Dolores Ibárruri
(2010).
In January of 2010 she won the title of honorazi italian citizen, Sesto Florentino.
BY: Amaia Asla and Damin Ouleida
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